In this comment published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Dimie Ogoina, Professor of Medicine and Infectious Diseases at the Niger Delta University (NDU), and Nathalie Strub-Wourgft, General Delegate of PANTHER,  reflect on a recent observational study on the real-world effectiveness of vaccination with a single subcutaneous dose of Modified Vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN), a third-generation smallpox vaccine, against symptomatic mpox among gay, bisexual and men who have sex with men BMSM) at higher risk of exposure to mpox in England. To read the full text, click here.